Kw’igenekerezo rya 4 Ruheshi 2025 , igihugu ca Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika caratangaje ko gihagaritse ivyo gutanga impusha zo kwinjira muri ico gihugu kuri zimwe mu mpusha cahora gitanga ku bava mu Burundi. Iyo ngingo ikaba yaciye itangura gushirwa mu ngiro kuva mu ntango z’ukwezi kwa Myandagaro 2025 n’ubuserukizi bwa Amerika i Bujumbura,ivyo bikaba vyatumye hari ibibazo vyinshi abantu bibaza : ni bande berekewe n’iyo ngingo ,kuberiki, inkwirikizi n’izihe? Mbega n’ingingo ishobora gusubirwamwo ?Uko ibintu vyifashe
Muri rusangi,ibihugu 19 nivyo birabwa n’iyo ngingo yafashwe n’ibiro vy’umukuru w’igihugu ca Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Imvo zatanzwe kandi si zimwe :kuri bimwe muri ivyo bihugu, n’ingingo zifatiye k’umutekano w’igihugu,kubindi navyo nk’Uburundi n’ingingo ifatiye kukurenza ikiringo c’imisi baba baronkeye uburenganzira bwokwinjira muri ico gihugu.
Ingingo ziharije ku Burundi
Kubijanye n’Uburundi ,ingingo ya 3 iri muri iyo ngingo yafatiwe ivyo bihugu yateweko umukono n’umukuru w’igihugu Donald Trump irasigura neza ko Uburundi burabwa n’iyo ngingo kuko abantu babuvamwo impusha zabo zokwinjira zibaye zirahagarikwa vyimfata kibanza bivanye n’uko barenza ikiringo babaronkeye impusha. Kubwa Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika,amakosa mwe n’ayo “aza aremereza ibisata biraba abinjira hanyuma bikaza vyongereza ivyoshobora gutuma umutekano w’igihugu uhungabana.”
Ibiharuro bitangwa:
Urugero rw’ibice 15,35 kw’ijana rw’abarenza ikiringo kubafise impusha zo ku rugero rwa B_1/B_2 (kubakora ivy’urudandazwa hamwe n’aba mukerarugendo)
Ibice 17,52 kw’ijana kubaja kwiga n’ugufashanya (F,M hamwe na J)
Ikigaragara n’uko umurundi Umwe kuri batandatu barenza ikiringo kiba kiri Ku mpusha zokuba muri Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika .
Imirwi y’impusha zo kwinjira muri Amerika zahagaritswe
Impusha (visas) abarundi batemerewe guhabwa impusha :
B_1: amanama, ibiganiro,amahwaniro arimwo ibikorwa ataco vyinjiza.
B_2 (abaja gutembera): kuja kuruhuka,kuramutsa incuti,kwicuza,canke ibindi bikorwa vyose bihuza abantu …
B_1/B_2(abaja muvy’ubudzngaji n’ugutembera)
F: abaja kwiga kaminuza,amashure yisumbuye,abaja kwiga ururimi…
M: Abaja kwiga amashure y’ubuhinga
J: Gufashanya mubijanye n’imico hamwe n’ubumenyi (abimenyereza,abakora ubushakashatsi ,abigisha ba kaminuza ….)
Impusha zose kubashaka kuja kubayo ,harimwo ibijanye na za mpusha z’amahirwe (green card).
Impusha zikiriho
iryo hagarikwa ry’impusha ntizerekeye imirwi yose yizahora zitangwa .Kubw’umunyabanga ntayegayezwa mubushikiranganji bw’imigenderanire y’Uburundi n’ayandi makungu ,abarundi barashobora gusaba zimwe mu mpusha zitari iz’abimukira nka:
H_1B: abakozi bafise ubuhanga budasanzwe
H_2B: abakozi bakora kubihe ariko atari mu gisata c’uburimyi
L: guhanahana abakozi hagati y’amashirahamwe
O: Ubuhinga budasanzwe(bumenyi,Ubuhinga,inkino)
P: abaririmvyi,abakinyi,imirwi ndangakaranga
R: abanyamashengero
A/G:abaserukira ibihugu hamwe n’abakora mumashirahamwe mpuzamakungu
Izo mpusha ziguma zerekewe n’ibijanye n’isuzumwa ridasanzwe ribera mubuserukizi bw’igihugu ,kandi igihe casabwe gishobora kuba gito nk’uko biri mubisabwa na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Inkwirikizi mu vy’ubutunzi, ubumenyi hamwe n’imigenderanire
Mu mwaka wa 2024, abarundi bagera 9500 barinjiye mu gihugu ca Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika (ku migwi yose yose y’impusha zose zitangwa zokwinjira muri Amerika).
N’ubwo inkwirikizi zidashoka zibonekeza ubunyene ,abanyeshure bari mubambere bakozweko. Ibisata bitari bike mu mashure yisumbuye naza kaminuza mu Burundi birategurira abanyeshure gushobora kuja kwiga muri Amerika. Ayo mahirwe muri kino gihe akaba atakiri menshi kubera iyo ngingo.
Urwaruka rwogiye kwungura ubumenyi biciye muri Humphrey Fellowship canke Mandela Washington barakozweko .
Ihagarikwa ryizo mpusha zokwinjira muri Amerika rirahagarika ivya green card ku barundi bigatuma abajayo biciye mu muco bigabanuka.
Kubijanye n’imigenderanire,iyo ngingo iza n’isubiza inyuma imigenderanire hagati yivyo bihugu bibiri Uburundi na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.
Hoba hagiye kuboneka agahengwe?
Muri Ruheshi, imbere yuko ubuserukizi bwa Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zemeza iyo ngingo, Ubushikiranganji bw’Uburundi buraba ivy’imigenderanire bwari bwatangaje ko hariko haraba
ibiganiro kugira barabe ko iyo ngingo yosirwamwo. Ariko kuva ico gihe ,iyo ngingo yarashizwe mu ngiro kandi nta ngingo yaho izohagararira yigeze itangangazwa.
Igihushane, ubutegetsi bwa Trump ahubwo bushobora gukomeza izo ngingo kurusha gushika aho busaba kugera kumafaranaga y’amadorari 15000 y’ingwati kubarundi bashaka gutembera kugira berekane ko bazogaruka.Ingingo ishobora kunaniza abarundi batari bake bipfuza impusha zo kwinjira muri Amerika.
Muri make
Kubona ko umuti wogukemura ikibazo c’abarundi barenza ikiringo c’uruhusha baba bahawe, muguhagarika Itangwa ryizo mpusha biza bihungabanya ibijanye n’ukurahura ubwenge, ubuhinga hamwe n’imico hagati y’Uburundi na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika. Kandi bishobora no gutosekaza imigenderanire hagati yivyo bihugu bibiri
Kugira umuntu agire icizere, Reta y’Uburundi , umushikiranganji w’imigenderanire mushasha vy’umwihariko ategerezwa gutunganya ibiganiro na Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika hanyuma agatanga intumbero kugira ivyokurenza ikiringo kubarundi bahabwa impusha bihagarare ariko ibijanye no gutembera kubarundi bitabanje kunigirwa mu menshi .
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Photo : Isanamu :Inyubako z’ubuserukizi bwa Reta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika mu Burundi © DR